Stdlibffi
libc
import std::ffi::libc; · source
Types
The libc surface
// Declarations are grouped by the header they come from, one extern block per group:
extern "C" {
function kill(pid: i32, sig: i32) -> i32;
function raise(sig: i32) -> i32;
function sigaction(sig: i32, act: u8*, oldact: u8*) -> i32;
function sigprocmask(how: SigprocmaskHow, set: u8*, oldset: u8*) -> i32;
// ...
}
// Closed sets are typed enums, variant names verbatim from the header:
type enum Whence : i32 {
SEEK_SET = 0;
SEEK_CUR = 1;
SEEK_END = 2;
SEEK_DATA = 3;
SEEK_HOLE = 4;
}
// Bit-flag families and error codes are plain constants:
const O_RDONLY: i32 = 0;
const O_WRONLY: i32 = 1;
const O_RDWR: i32 = 2;
const EINTR: i32 = 4;
// Layout-stable structs are real Cryo types:
type struct timespec {
tv_sec: i64;
tv_nsec: i64;
}
function errno() -> i32;A single home for every extern "C" the standard library needs — some 640 functions — plus broad coverage of the POSIX and glibc surface for downstream use. Modules call libc::read(...), libc::sin(...) and so on, which keeps the rest of the tree free of inline extern blocks.
Functions mirror the libc and POSIX headers verbatim — same names, same signatures, same errno semantics. Idiomatic wrappers that return Result, work in Slice<u8>, or retry on EINTR live at the call site, not here. io::fd is the canonical example.
Sections are grouped by header, so you can skim for a function the way you would in man 3 or /usr/include:
errno.h signal.h fcntl.h sys/stat.h sys/uio.h unistd.h
stdio.h stdlib.h string.h ctype.h time.h sys/wait.h
sys/socket.h arpa/inet.h netdb.h sys/select.h poll.h sys/mman.h
sys/epoll.h sys/eventfd.h sys/signalfd.h dirent.h pthread.h termios.h
sys/ioctl.h locale.h pwd.h grp.h regex.h math.h
dlfcn.h sys/resource.hWhere glibc and msvcrt disagree — errno values above 34, the _O_* open flags, the errno accessor itself — the declarations are gated per target with ![target(unix)] / ![target(windows)], so one libc:: spelling resolves to the right symbol on each.
Typed enums and flag constants
The split is deliberate and worth knowing before you go looking for a name.
Closed sets of mutually exclusive values are type enum Name : i32, so they pass to libc as typed parameters and the compiler catches a wrong-family argument. Variant names are kept verbatim from the C header — ClockId::CLOCK_MONOTONIC, not ClockId::Monotonic — so call sites read like the man pages.
type enum Whence : i32 {
SEEK_SET = 0;
SEEK_CUR = 1;
SEEK_END = 2;
SEEK_DATA = 3;
SEEK_HOLE = 4;
}
type enum ClockId : i32 {
CLOCK_REALTIME = 0;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 1;
CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID = 2;
CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID = 3;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW = 4;
CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE = 5;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE = 6;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME = 7;
CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM = 8;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM = 9;
CLOCK_TAI = 11;
}
type enum AddressFamily : i32 {
AF_UNSPEC = 0;
AF_UNIX = 1;
AF_INET = 2;
AF_AX25 = 3;
AF_IPX = 4;
AF_APPLETALK = 5;
AF_NETROM = 6;
AF_BRIDGE = 7;
AF_ATMPVC = 8;
AF_X25 = 9;
AF_INET6 = 10;
AF_NETLINK = 16;
AF_PACKET = 17;
AF_BLUETOOTH = 31;
}
type enum Protocol : i32 {
IPPROTO_IP = 0;
IPPROTO_ICMP = 1;
IPPROTO_IGMP = 2;
IPPROTO_TCP = 6;
IPPROTO_UDP = 17;
IPPROTO_IPV6 = 41;
IPPROTO_GRE = 47;
IPPROTO_ESP = 50;
IPPROTO_AH = 51;
IPPROTO_ICMPV6 = 58;
IPPROTO_RAW = 255;
}
type enum ShutdownHow : i32 {
SHUT_RD = 0;
SHUT_WR = 1;
SHUT_RDWR = 2;
}
type enum DirentType : u8 {
DT_UNKNOWN = 0;
DT_FIFO = 1;
DT_CHR = 2;
DT_DIR = 4;
DT_BLK = 6;
DT_REG = 8;
DT_LNK = 10;
DT_SOCK = 12;
DT_WHT = 14;
}The full set: Whence, ClockId, ItimerWhich, AddressFamily, Protocol, SocketLevel, ShutdownHow, EpollOp, DirentType, MutexType, DetachState, CancelState, CancelType, LockType, FadviseAdvice, MadviseAdvice, BufferingMode, SigprocmaskHow, LocaleCategory, Resource, RusageWho, PriorityWhich, and the termios TcAction / TcQueue / TcFlow.
Bit-flag families stay as plain consts, because they get OR'd together and compared against return values, which a closed enum does not fit: O_*, S_IF*, POLL*, MAP_*, EPOLL*, AI_*, signal numbers, and errno codes.
C structs
Layout-stable POSIX structs are defined here as Cryo types with matching field order, so you can construct them directly:
type struct timespec {
tv_sec: i64;
tv_nsec: i64;
}
type struct timeval {
tv_sec: i64;
tv_usec: i64;
}
type struct tm {
tm_sec: i32;
tm_min: i32;
tm_hour: i32;
tm_mday: i32;
tm_mon: i32;
tm_year: i32;
tm_wday: i32;
tm_yday: i32;
tm_isdst: i32;
tm_gmtoff: i64;
tm_zone: u8*;
}
type struct iovec {
iov_base: u8*;
iov_len: u64;
}
type struct pollfd {
fd: i32;
events: i16;
revents: i16;
}
type struct in_addr {
s_addr: u32;
}
type struct in6_addr {
s6_addr: [u8;
16];
}
type struct rlimit {
rlim_cur: u64;
rlim_max: u64;
}
type struct winsize {
ws_row: u16;
ws_col: u16;
ws_xpixel: u16;
ws_ypixel: u16;
}
type struct regmatch_t {
rm_so: i64;
rm_eo: i64;
}Platform-variant structs are treated as opaque byte buffers that you pack and unpack yourself — sockaddr_in, struct stat, addrinfo, epoll_event, struct termios, and the pthread_* family. The accompanying SIZEOF_* constants give the Linux x86-64 size so a u8[SIZEOF_X] buffer comes out the right length. net::addr::sockaddr does exactly this for sockaddr_in.
Errno, signal, mode, fcntl, epoll, and ioctl values are the Linux x86-64 / glibc ABI. Other platforms re-derive them from the corresponding headers.
Floating-point classification — isnan, isinf, finite, signbit, fpclassify — is deliberately not declared here. It is implemented in pure Cryo over the IEEE-754 bit pattern instead, since those are macros rather than exported symbols in most libcs.
Constants
const STDIN_FILENO: i32 = 0;
const STDOUT_FILENO: i32 = 1;
const STDERR_FILENO: i32 = 2;
const EPERM: i32 = 1;
const ENOENT: i32 = 2;
const ESRCH: i32 = 3;
const EINTR: i32 = 4;
const EIO: i32 = 5;
const ENXIO: i32 = 6;
const E2BIG: i32 = 7;
const ENOEXEC: i32 = 8;
const EBADF: i32 = 9;
const ECHILD: i32 = 10;
const EAGAIN: i32 = 11;
const EWOULDBLOCK: i32 = 11;
const ENOMEM: i32 = 12;
const EACCES: i32 = 13;
const EFAULT: i32 = 14;
const ENOTBLK: i32 = 15;
const EBUSY: i32 = 16;
const EEXIST: i32 = 17;
const EXDEV: i32 = 18;
const ENODEV: i32 = 19;
const ENOTDIR: i32 = 20;
const EISDIR: i32 = 21;
const EINVAL: i32 = 22;
const ENFILE: i32 = 23;
const EMFILE: i32 = 24;
const ENOTTY: i32 = 25;
const ETXTBSY: i32 = 26;
const EFBIG: i32 = 27;
const ENOSPC: i32 = 28;
const ESPIPE: i32 = 29;
const EROFS: i32 = 30;
const EMLINK: i32 = 31;
const EPIPE: i32 = 32;
const EDOM: i32 = 33;
const ERANGE: i32 = 34;
const EDEADLK: i32 = 35;
const ENAMETOOLONG: i32 = 36;
const ENOLCK: i32 = 37;
const ENOSYS: i32 = 38;
const ENOTEMPTY: i32 = 39;
const ELOOP: i32 = 40;
const ENOMSG: i32 = 42;
const EIDRM: i32 = 43;
const ECHRNG: i32 = 44;
const ENOSTR: i32 = 60;
const ENODATA: i32 = 61;
const ETIME: i32 = 62;
const ENOSR: i32 = 63;
const ENOLINK: i32 = 67;
const EPROTO: i32 = 71;
const EMULTIHOP: i32 = 72;
const EBADMSG: i32 = 74;
const EOVERFLOW: i32 = 75;
const EILSEQ: i32 = 84;
const ENOTSOCK: i32 = 88;
const EDESTADDRREQ: i32 = 89;
const EMSGSIZE: i32 = 90;
const EPROTOTYPE: i32 = 91;
const ENOPROTOOPT: i32 = 92;
const EPROTONOSUPPORT: i32 = 93;
const ESOCKTNOSUPPORT: i32 = 94;
const EOPNOTSUPP: i32 = 95;
const ENOTSUP: i32 = 95;
const EPFNOSUPPORT: i32 = 96;
const EAFNOSUPPORT: i32 = 97;
const EADDRINUSE: i32 = 98;
const EADDRNOTAVAIL: i32 = 99;
const ENETDOWN: i32 = 100;
const ENETUNREACH: i32 = 101;
const ENETRESET: i32 = 102;
const ECONNABORTED: i32 = 103;
const ECONNRESET: i32 = 104;
const ENOBUFS: i32 = 105;
const EISCONN: i32 = 106;
const ENOTCONN: i32 = 107;
const ESHUTDOWN: i32 = 108;
const ETOOMANYREFS: i32 = 109;
const ETIMEDOUT: i32 = 110;
const ECONNREFUSED: i32 = 111;
const EHOSTDOWN: i32 = 112;
const EHOSTUNREACH: i32 = 113;
const EALREADY: i32 = 114;
const EINPROGRESS: i32 = 115;
const ESTALE: i32 = 116;
const EDQUOT: i32 = 122;
const ECANCELED: i32 = 125;
const EOWNERDEAD: i32 = 130;
const ENOTRECOVERABLE: i32 = 131;
const SIGHUP: i32 = 1;
const SIGINT: i32 = 2;
const SIGQUIT: i32 = 3;
const SIGILL: i32 = 4;
const SIGTRAP: i32 = 5;
const SIGABRT: i32 = 6;
const SIGIOT: i32 = 6;
const SIGBUS: i32 = 7;
const SIGFPE: i32 = 8;
const SIGKILL: i32 = 9;
const SIGUSR1: i32 = 10;
const SIGSEGV: i32 = 11;
const SIGUSR2: i32 = 12;
const SIGPIPE: i32 = 13;
const SIGALRM: i32 = 14;
const SIGTERM: i32 = 15;
const SIGSTKFLT: i32 = 16;
const SIGCHLD: i32 = 17;
const SIGCONT: i32 = 18;
const SIGSTOP: i32 = 19;
const SIGTSTP: i32 = 20;
const SIGTTIN: i32 = 21;
const SIGTTOU: i32 = 22;
const SIGURG: i32 = 23;
const SIGXCPU: i32 = 24;
const SIGXFSZ: i32 = 25;
const SIGVTALRM: i32 = 26;
const SIGPROF: i32 = 27;
const SIGWINCH: i32 = 28;
const SIGIO: i32 = 29;
const SIGPOLL: i32 = 29;
const SIGPWR: i32 = 30;
const SIGSYS: i32 = 31;
const SIG_DFL: u64 = 0;
const SIG_IGN: u64 = 1;
const SIG_ERR: i64 = -1;
const SA_NOCLDSTOP: i32 = 1;
const SA_NOCLDWAIT: i32 = 2;
const SA_SIGINFO: i32 = 4;
const SA_ONSTACK: i32 = 1 << 27;
const SA_RESTART: i32 = 1 << 28;
const SA_NODEFER: i32 = 1 << 30;
const SA_RESETHAND: i32 = 1 << 31;
const SIZEOF_SIGSET_T: u64 = 128;
const SIZEOF_SIGACTION: u64 = 152;
const O_RDONLY: i32 = 0;
const O_WRONLY: i32 = 1;
const O_RDWR: i32 = 2;
const O_ACCMODE: i32 = 3;
![target(unix)]
const O_CREAT: i32 = 64;
![target(windows)]
const O_CREAT: i32 = 256;
![target(unix)]
const O_EXCL: i32 = 128;
![target(windows)]
const O_EXCL: i32 = 1024;
const O_NOCTTY: i32 = 256;
const O_TRUNC: i32 = 512;
![target(unix)]
const O_APPEND: i32 = 1024;
![target(windows)]
const O_APPEND: i32 = 8;
const O_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;
const O_NDELAY: i32 = 2048;
const O_DSYNC: i32 = 4096;
const O_ASYNC: i32 = 8192;
const O_DIRECT: i32 = 16384;
const O_LARGEFILE: i32 = 32768;
const O_DIRECTORY: i32 = 65536;
const O_NOFOLLOW: i32 = 131072;
const O_NOATIME: i32 = 262144;
const O_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const O_SYNC: i32 = 1052672;
const O_PATH: i32 = 2097152;
const O_TMPFILE: i32 = 4259840;
![target(unix)]
const O_BINARY: i32 = 0;
![target(windows)]
const O_BINARY: i32 = 32768;
const O_RANDOM: i32 = 16;
const O_SEQUENTIAL: i32 = 32;
const O_TEMPORARY: i32 = 64;
const O_NOINHERIT: i32 = 128;
const O_SHORT_LIVED: i32 = 4096;
const O_TEXT: i32 = 16384;
const F_DUPFD: i32 = 0;
const F_GETFD: i32 = 1;
const F_SETFD: i32 = 2;
const F_GETFL: i32 = 3;
const F_SETFL: i32 = 4;
const F_GETLK: i32 = 5;
const F_SETLK: i32 = 6;
const F_SETLKW: i32 = 7;
const F_SETOWN: i32 = 8;
const F_GETOWN: i32 = 9;
const F_SETSIG: i32 = 10;
const F_GETSIG: i32 = 11;
const F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1030;
const FD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1;
const AT_FDCWD: i32 = -100;
const AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW: i32 = 256;
const AT_REMOVEDIR: i32 = 512;
const AT_EACCESS: i32 = 512;
const AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW: i32 = 1024;
const AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT: i32 = 2048;
const AT_EMPTY_PATH: i32 = 4096;
const SIZEOF_STAT: u64 = 144;
const S_IFMT: u32 = 0xF000;
const S_IFSOCK: u32 = 0xC000;
const S_IFLNK: u32 = 0xA000;
const S_IFREG: u32 = 0x8000;
const S_IFBLK: u32 = 0x6000;
const S_IFDIR: u32 = 0x4000;
const S_IFCHR: u32 = 0x2000;
const S_IFIFO: u32 = 0x1000;
const S_ISUID: u32 = 0x800;
const S_ISGID: u32 = 0x400;
const S_ISVTX: u32 = 0x200;
const S_IRWXU: u32 = 0x1C0;
const S_IRUSR: u32 = 0x100;
const S_IWUSR: u32 = 0x80;
const S_IXUSR: u32 = 0x40;
const S_IRWXG: u32 = 0x38;
const S_IRGRP: u32 = 0x20;
const S_IWGRP: u32 = 0x10;
const S_IXGRP: u32 = 0x8;
const S_IRWXO: u32 = 0x7;
const S_IROTH: u32 = 0x4;
const S_IWOTH: u32 = 0x2;
const S_IXOTH: u32 = 0x1;
const F_OK: i32 = 0;
const X_OK: i32 = 1;
const W_OK: i32 = 2;
const R_OK: i32 = 4;
const _SC_PAGESIZE: i32 = 30;
const _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF: i32 = 83;
const _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN: i32 = 84;
const _SC_OPEN_MAX: i32 = 4;
const _SC_CHILD_MAX: i32 = 1;
const _SC_CLK_TCK: i32 = 2;
const _SC_ARG_MAX: i32 = 0;
const _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX: i32 = 180;
const _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX: i32 = 71;
const EOF: i32 = -1;
const BUFSIZ: u64 = 8192;
const L_tmpnam: u64 = 20;
const RAND_MAX: i32 = 2147483647;
const EXIT_SUCCESS: i32 = 0;
const EXIT_FAILURE: i32 = 1;
const TIMER_ABSTIME: i32 = 1;
const CLOCKS_PER_SEC: i64 = 1000000;
const TFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;
const TFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME: i32 = 1;
const TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET: i32 = 2;
const WNOHANG: i32 = 1;
const WUNTRACED: i32 = 2;
const WSTOPPED: i32 = 2;
const WEXITED: i32 = 4;
const WCONTINUED: i32 = 8;
const WNOWAIT: i32 = 16777216;
const PF_UNSPEC: i32 = 0;
const PF_UNIX: i32 = 1;
const PF_INET: i32 = 2;
const PF_INET6: i32 = 10;
const PF_PACKET: i32 = 17;
const SOCK_STREAM: i32 = 1;
const SOCK_DGRAM: i32 = 2;
const SOCK_RAW: i32 = 3;
const SOCK_RDM: i32 = 4;
const SOCK_SEQPACKET: i32 = 5;
const SOCK_DCCP: i32 = 6;
const SOCK_PACKET: i32 = 10;
const SOCK_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const SOCK_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;
const SO_DEBUG: i32 = 1;
const SO_REUSEADDR: i32 = 2;
const SO_TYPE: i32 = 3;
const SO_ERROR: i32 = 4;
const SO_DONTROUTE: i32 = 5;
const SO_BROADCAST: i32 = 6;
const SO_SNDBUF: i32 = 7;
const SO_RCVBUF: i32 = 8;
const SO_KEEPALIVE: i32 = 9;
const SO_OOBINLINE: i32 = 10;
const SO_LINGER: i32 = 13;
const SO_REUSEPORT: i32 = 15;
const SO_RCVLOWAT: i32 = 18;
const SO_SNDLOWAT: i32 = 19;
const SO_RCVTIMEO: i32 = 20;
const SO_SNDTIMEO: i32 = 21;
const SO_ACCEPTCONN: i32 = 30;
const SO_BINDTODEVICE: i32 = 25;
const IP_TTL: i32 = 2;
const IP_MULTICAST_IF: i32 = 32;
const IP_MULTICAST_TTL: i32 = 33;
const IP_MULTICAST_LOOP: i32 = 34;
const IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 35;
const IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 36;
const IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS: i32 = 16;
const IPV6_MULTICAST_IF: i32 = 17;
const IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS: i32 = 18;
const IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP: i32 = 19;
const IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 20;
const IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 21;
const IPV6_V6ONLY: i32 = 26;
const TCP_NODELAY: i32 = 1;
const TCP_MAXSEG: i32 = 2;
const TCP_CORK: i32 = 3;
const TCP_KEEPIDLE: i32 = 4;
const TCP_KEEPINTVL: i32 = 5;
const TCP_KEEPCNT: i32 = 6;
const TCP_INFO: i32 = 11;
const TCP_USER_TIMEOUT: i32 = 18;
const TCP_FASTOPEN: i32 = 23;
const MSG_OOB: i32 = 1;
const MSG_PEEK: i32 = 2;
const MSG_DONTROUTE: i32 = 4;
const MSG_CTRUNC: i32 = 8;
const MSG_TRUNC: i32 = 32;
const MSG_DONTWAIT: i32 = 64;
const MSG_EOR: i32 = 128;
const MSG_WAITALL: i32 = 256;
const MSG_NOSIGNAL: i32 = 16384;
const MSG_MORE: i32 = 32768;
const MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1073741824;
const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_IN: u64 = 16;
const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_IN6: u64 = 28;
const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_STORAGE: u64 = 128;
const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_UN: u64 = 110;
const INADDR_ANY: u32 = 0;
const INADDR_LOOPBACK: u32 = 2130706433;
const INADDR_BROADCAST: u32 = 4294967295;
const INADDR_NONE: u32 = 4294967295;
const INET_ADDRSTRLEN: u64 = 16;
const INET6_ADDRSTRLEN: u64 = 46;
const SIZEOF_ADDRINFO: u64 = 48;
const AI_PASSIVE: i32 = 1;
const AI_CANONNAME: i32 = 2;
const AI_NUMERICHOST: i32 = 4;
const AI_V4MAPPED: i32 = 8;
const AI_ALL: i32 = 16;
const AI_ADDRCONFIG: i32 = 32;
const AI_NUMERICSERV: i32 = 1024;
const NI_NUMERICHOST: i32 = 1;
const NI_NUMERICSERV: i32 = 2;
const NI_NOFQDN: i32 = 4;
const NI_NAMEREQD: i32 = 8;
const NI_DGRAM: i32 = 16;
const NI_MAXHOST: u64 = 1025;
const NI_MAXSERV: u64 = 32;
const EAI_BADFLAGS: i32 = -1;
const EAI_NONAME: i32 = -2;
const EAI_AGAIN: i32 = -3;
const EAI_FAIL: i32 = -4;
const EAI_FAMILY: i32 = -6;
const EAI_SOCKTYPE: i32 = -7;
const EAI_SERVICE: i32 = -8;
const EAI_MEMORY: i32 = -10;
const EAI_SYSTEM: i32 = -11;
const EAI_OVERFLOW: i32 = -12;
const EAI_NODATA: i32 = -5;
const EAI_ADDRFAMILY: i32 = -9;
const EAI_INPROGRESS: i32 = -100;
const EAI_CANCELED: i32 = -101;
const FD_SETSIZE: u64 = 1024;
const SIZEOF_FD_SET: u64 = 128;
const POLLIN: i16 = 1;
const POLLPRI: i16 = 2;
const POLLOUT: i16 = 4;
const POLLERR: i16 = 8;
const POLLHUP: i16 = 16;
const POLLNVAL: i16 = 32;
const POLLRDNORM: i16 = 64;
const POLLRDBAND: i16 = 128;
const POLLWRNORM: i16 = 256;
const POLLWRBAND: i16 = 512;
const POLLMSG: i16 = 1024;
const POLLREMOVE: i16 = 4096;
const POLLRDHUP: i16 = 8192;
const MAP_FAILED_VALUE: i64 = -1;
const PROT_NONE: i32 = 0;
const PROT_READ: i32 = 1;
const PROT_WRITE: i32 = 2;
const PROT_EXEC: i32 = 4;
const PROT_GROWSDOWN: i32 = 0x01000000;
const PROT_GROWSUP: i32 = 0x02000000;
const MAP_SHARED: i32 = 1;
const MAP_PRIVATE: i32 = 2;
const MAP_SHARED_VALIDATE: i32 = 3;
const MAP_FIXED: i32 = 16;
const MAP_ANONYMOUS: i32 = 32;
const MAP_ANON: i32 = 32;
const MAP_GROWSDOWN: i32 = 256;
const MAP_DENYWRITE: i32 = 2048;
const MAP_EXECUTABLE: i32 = 4096;
const MAP_LOCKED: i32 = 8192;
const MAP_NORESERVE: i32 = 16384;
const MAP_POPULATE: i32 = 32768;
const MAP_NONBLOCK: i32 = 65536;
const MAP_STACK: i32 = 131072;
const MAP_HUGETLB: i32 = 262144;
const MAP_SYNC: i32 = 524288;
const MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE: i32 = 1048576;
const MS_ASYNC: i32 = 1;
const MS_INVALIDATE: i32 = 2;
const MS_SYNC: i32 = 4;
const MCL_CURRENT: i32 = 1;
const MCL_FUTURE: i32 = 2;
const MCL_ONFAULT: i32 = 4;
const MFD_CLOEXEC: u32 = 1;
const MFD_ALLOW_SEALING: u32 = 2;
const MFD_HUGETLB: u32 = 4;
const SIZEOF_EPOLL_EVENT: u64 = 12;
const EPOLLIN: u32 = 1;
const EPOLLPRI: u32 = 2;
const EPOLLOUT: u32 = 4;
const EPOLLRDNORM: u32 = 64;
const EPOLLRDBAND: u32 = 128;
const EPOLLWRNORM: u32 = 256;
const EPOLLWRBAND: u32 = 512;
const EPOLLMSG: u32 = 1024;
const EPOLLERR: u32 = 8;
const EPOLLHUP: u32 = 16;
const EPOLLRDHUP: u32 = 8192;
const EPOLLEXCLUSIVE: u32 = 268435456;
const EPOLLWAKEUP: u32 = 536870912;
const EPOLLONESHOT: u32 = 1073741824;
const EPOLLET: u32 = 2147483648;
const EPOLL_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const EFD_SEMAPHORE: i32 = 1;
const EFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const EFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;
const SFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;
const SFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;
const SIZEOF_SIGNALFD_SIGINFO: u64 = 128;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_T: u64 = 8;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_ATTR_T: u64 = 56;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_MUTEX_T: u64 = 40;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_MUTEXATTR_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_COND_T: u64 = 48;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_CONDATTR_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T: u64 = 56;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_RWLOCKATTR_T: u64 = 8;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_BARRIER_T: u64 = 32;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_BARRIERATTR_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_KEY_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_ONCE_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_SPINLOCK_T: u64 = 4;
const SIZEOF_TERMIOS: u64 = 60;
const NCCS: u64 = 32;
const VINTR: u64 = 0;
const VQUIT: u64 = 1;
const VERASE: u64 = 2;
const VKILL: u64 = 3;
const VEOF: u64 = 4;
const VTIME: u64 = 5;
const VMIN: u64 = 6;
const VSWTC: u64 = 7;
const VSTART: u64 = 8;
const VSTOP: u64 = 9;
const VSUSP: u64 = 10;
const VEOL: u64 = 11;
const VREPRINT: u64 = 12;
const VDISCARD: u64 = 13;
const VWERASE: u64 = 14;
const VLNEXT: u64 = 15;
const VEOL2: u64 = 16;
const IGNBRK: u32 = 1;
const BRKINT: u32 = 2;
const IGNPAR: u32 = 4;
const PARMRK: u32 = 8;
const INPCK: u32 = 16;
const ISTRIP: u32 = 32;
const INLCR: u32 = 64;
const IGNCR: u32 = 128;
const ICRNL: u32 = 256;
const IUCLC: u32 = 512;
const IXON: u32 = 1024;
const IXANY: u32 = 2048;
const IXOFF: u32 = 4096;
const IMAXBEL: u32 = 8192;
const IUTF8: u32 = 16384;
const OPOST: u32 = 1;
const ONLCR: u32 = 4;
const OCRNL: u32 = 8;
const ONOCR: u32 = 16;
const ONLRET: u32 = 32;
const ISIG: u32 = 1;
const ICANON: u32 = 2;
const ECHO: u32 = 8;
const ECHOE: u32 = 16;
const ECHOK: u32 = 32;
const ECHONL: u32 = 64;
const NOFLSH: u32 = 128;
const TOSTOP: u32 = 256;
const IEXTEN: u32 = 32768;
const CSIZE: u32 = 48;
const CS5: u32 = 0;
const CS6: u32 = 16;
const CS7: u32 = 32;
const CS8: u32 = 48;
const CSTOPB: u32 = 64;
const CREAD: u32 = 128;
const PARENB: u32 = 256;
const PARODD: u32 = 512;
const HUPCL: u32 = 1024;
const CLOCAL: u32 = 2048;
const B0: u32 = 0;
const B50: u32 = 1;
const B75: u32 = 2;
const B110: u32 = 3;
const B134: u32 = 4;
const B150: u32 = 5;
const B200: u32 = 6;
const B300: u32 = 7;
const B600: u32 = 8;
const B1200: u32 = 9;
const B1800: u32 = 10;
const B2400: u32 = 11;
const B4800: u32 = 12;
const B9600: u32 = 13;
const B19200: u32 = 14;
const B38400: u32 = 15;
const B57600: u32 = 4097;
const B115200: u32 = 4098;
const B230400: u32 = 4099;
const B460800: u32 = 4100;
const B500000: u32 = 4101;
const B576000: u32 = 4102;
const B921600: u32 = 4103;
const B1000000: u32 = 4104;
const TIOCGWINSZ: u64 = 21523;
const TIOCSWINSZ: u64 = 21524;
const TIOCSCTTY: u64 = 21518;
const TIOCNOTTY: u64 = 21538;
const TIOCGPGRP: u64 = 21519;
const TIOCSPGRP: u64 = 21520;
const FIONBIO: u64 = 21537;
const FIONREAD: u64 = 21531;
const FIOCLEX: u64 = 21585;
const FIONCLEX: u64 = 21584;
const SIZEOF_PASSWD: u64 = 48;
const SIZEOF_GROUP: u64 = 32;
const SIZEOF_REGEX_T: u64 = 64;
const SIZEOF_REGMATCH_T: u64 = 16;
const REG_EXTENDED: i32 = 1;
const REG_ICASE: i32 = 2;
const REG_NOSUB: i32 = 4;
const REG_NEWLINE: i32 = 8;
const REG_NOTBOL: i32 = 1;
const REG_NOTEOL: i32 = 2;
const REG_NOMATCH: i32 = 1;
const REG_BADPAT: i32 = 2;
const REG_ECOLLATE: i32 = 3;
const REG_ECTYPE: i32 = 4;
const REG_EESCAPE: i32 = 5;
const REG_ESUBREG: i32 = 6;
const REG_EBRACK: i32 = 7;
const REG_EPAREN: i32 = 8;
const REG_EBRACE: i32 = 9;
const REG_BADBR: i32 = 10;
const REG_ERANGE: i32 = 11;
const REG_ESPACE: i32 = 12;
const REG_BADRPT: i32 = 13;
const RTLD_LAZY: i32 = 1;
const RTLD_NOW: i32 = 2;
const RTLD_BINDING_MASK: i32 = 3;
const RTLD_NOLOAD: i32 = 4;
const RTLD_DEEPBIND: i32 = 8;
const RTLD_GLOBAL: i32 = 256;
const RTLD_LOCAL: i32 = 0;
const RTLD_NODELETE: i32 = 4096;
const RLIM_INFINITY: u64 = 18446744073709551615;extern function exit(code: i32) -> void;
extern "C" {
function puts(s: string) -> i32;
}Declares a function whose body the linker supplies - typically a C library symbol. The compiler trusts the Cryo signature; keeping it in step with the real C signature is on you.
language referencefunction name<T>(param: Type) -> Ret { ... }Declares a function. Parameters are written name: Type and are never inferred; the return type follows -> and defaults to void. Declaration order does not matter: every signature is collected before any body is checked, so functions may call each other freely and recurse.
extern "C" function kill(pid: i32, sig: i32) -> i32(parameter) pid: i32(parameter) sig: i32extern "C" function raise(sig: i32) -> i32extern "C" function sigaction(sig: i32, act: u8*, oldact: u8*) -> i32(parameter) act: u8*(parameter) oldact: u8*extern "C" function sigprocmask(how: SigprocmaskHow, set: u8*, oldset: u8*) -> i32(parameter) how: SigprocmaskHowtype enum SigprocmaskHow : i32 {
SIG_BLOCK = 0;
SIG_UNBLOCK = 1;
SIG_SETMASK = 2;
}how argument to sigprocmask and pthread_sigmask. Mutually exclusive, not bit flags.
(parameter) set: u8*(parameter) oldset: u8*type struct Name { ... }
type enum Name { ... }
type trait Name { ... }
type union Name { ... }Begins a type declaration; the keyword that follows says which kind. On its own, type Name = Existing; declares an alias.
type enum Name {
Unit,
Payload(T),
Named { x: i32 },
}An algebraic data type. Variants may be bare or carry a tuple or struct payload, and a match on an enum must cover every variant. Name::Variant names a variant; methods are added with implement enum Name { ... }.
type enum Whence : i32 {
SEEK_SET = 0;
SEEK_CUR = 1;
SEEK_END = 2;
SEEK_DATA = 3;
SEEK_HOLE = 4;
}Anchor for lseek's offset. Mutually exclusive: these are not bit flags.
Whence::SEEK_SET = 0Whence::SEEK_CUR = 1Whence::SEEK_END = 2Whence::SEEK_DATA = 3Whence::SEEK_HOLE = 4const NAME: Type = value;At module level, a true compile-time constant, conventionally SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE. (mut at module level declares mutable global state instead.)
const O_RDONLY: i32 = 0;const O_WRONLY: i32 = 1;const O_RDWR: i32 = 2;const EINTR: i32 = 4;type struct Name {
field: Type;
method(&this) -> Ret { ... }
}A value type with named fields and optional methods. Structs live on the stack and are passed by value. Fields are public by default and may carry = default values; methods take their receiver as &this, mut &this, or this.
type struct timespec {
tv_sec: i64;
tv_nsec: i64;
}High-resolution timestamp. Layout matches Linux x86_64; time_t and long are both 64-bit there.
timespec.tv_sec: i64timespec.tv_nsec: i64function errno() -> i32Current thread's errno. Thin convenience over the platform's thread-local indirection; every IoError::from_errno(...) in the stdlib funnels through here.
type enum ClockId : i32 {
CLOCK_REALTIME = 0;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 1;
CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID = 2;
CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID = 3;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW = 4;
CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE = 5;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE = 6;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME = 7;
CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM = 8;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM = 9;
// … 1 more
}clockid_t values for clock_gettime and friends.
ClockId::CLOCK_REALTIME = 0ClockId::CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 1ClockId::CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID = 2ClockId::CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID = 3ClockId::CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW = 4ClockId::CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE = 5ClockId::CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE = 6ClockId::CLOCK_BOOTTIME = 7ClockId::CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM = 8ClockId::CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM = 9ClockId::CLOCK_TAI = 11type enum AddressFamily : i32 {
AF_UNSPEC = 0;
AF_UNIX = 1;
AF_INET = 2;
AF_AX25 = 3;
AF_IPX = 4;
AF_APPLETALK = 5;
AF_NETROM = 6;
AF_BRIDGE = 7;
AF_ATMPVC = 8;
AF_X25 = 9;
// … 4 more
}socket(domain, ...) address family.
AddressFamily::AF_UNSPEC = 0AddressFamily::AF_UNIX = 1AddressFamily::AF_INET = 2AddressFamily::AF_AX25 = 3AddressFamily::AF_IPX = 4AddressFamily::AF_APPLETALK = 5AddressFamily::AF_NETROM = 6AddressFamily::AF_BRIDGE = 7AddressFamily::AF_ATMPVC = 8AddressFamily::AF_X25 = 9AddressFamily::AF_INET6 = 10AddressFamily::AF_NETLINK = 16AddressFamily::AF_PACKET = 17AddressFamily::AF_BLUETOOTH = 31type enum Protocol : i32 {
IPPROTO_IP = 0;
IPPROTO_ICMP = 1;
IPPROTO_IGMP = 2;
IPPROTO_TCP = 6;
IPPROTO_UDP = 17;
IPPROTO_IPV6 = 41;
IPPROTO_GRE = 47;
IPPROTO_ESP = 50;
IPPROTO_AH = 51;
IPPROTO_ICMPV6 = 58;
// … 1 more
}IP protocol selector for socket(..., protocol).
Protocol::IPPROTO_IP = 0Protocol::IPPROTO_ICMP = 1Protocol::IPPROTO_IGMP = 2Protocol::IPPROTO_TCP = 6Protocol::IPPROTO_UDP = 17Protocol::IPPROTO_IPV6 = 41Protocol::IPPROTO_GRE = 47Protocol::IPPROTO_ESP = 50Protocol::IPPROTO_AH = 51Protocol::IPPROTO_ICMPV6 = 58Protocol::IPPROTO_RAW = 255type enum ShutdownHow : i32 {
SHUT_RD = 0;
SHUT_WR = 1;
SHUT_RDWR = 2;
}Direction(s) shutdown tears down on a socket. Mutually exclusive.
ShutdownHow::SHUT_RD = 0ShutdownHow::SHUT_WR = 1ShutdownHow::SHUT_RDWR = 2type enum DirentType : u8 {
DT_UNKNOWN = 0;
DT_FIFO = 1;
DT_CHR = 2;
DT_DIR = 4;
DT_BLK = 6;
DT_REG = 8;
DT_LNK = 10;
DT_SOCK = 12;
DT_WHT = 14;
}d_type field of struct dirent.
DirentType::DT_UNKNOWN = 0DirentType::DT_FIFO = 1DirentType::DT_CHR = 2DirentType::DT_DIR = 4DirentType::DT_BLK = 6DirentType::DT_REG = 8DirentType::DT_LNK = 10DirentType::DT_SOCK = 12DirentType::DT_WHT = 14type struct timeval {
tv_sec: i64;
tv_usec: i64;
}Microsecond timestamp. Same Linux x86_64 caveat as timespec.
timeval.tv_sec: i64timeval.tv_usec: i64type struct tm {
tm_sec: i32;
tm_min: i32;
tm_hour: i32;
tm_mday: i32;
tm_mon: i32;
tm_year: i32;
tm_wday: i32;
tm_yday: i32;
tm_isdst: i32;
tm_gmtoff: i64;
// … 1 more
}tm.tm_sec: i32tm.tm_min: i32tm.tm_hour: i32tm.tm_mday: i32tm.tm_mon: i32tm.tm_year: i32tm.tm_wday: i32tm.tm_yday: i32tm.tm_isdst: i32tm.tm_gmtoff: i64tm.tm_zone: u8*type struct iovec {
iov_base: u8*;
iov_len: u64;
}I/O vector for readv / writev / preadv / pwritev.
iovec.iov_base: u8*iovec.iov_len: u64type struct pollfd {
fd: i32;
events: i16;
revents: i16;
}One slot of a poll/ppoll array.
pollfd.fd: i32pollfd.events: i16pollfd.revents: i16type struct in_addr {
s_addr: u32;
}IPv4 raw address (network byte order in s_addr).
in_addr.s_addr: u32type struct in6_addr {
s6_addr: [u8;
16];
}IPv6 raw address.
in6_addr.s6_addr: [u8type struct rlimit {
rlim_cur: u64;
rlim_max: u64;
}struct rlimit is two u64s (rlim_t is unsigned long).
rlimit.rlim_cur: u64rlimit.rlim_max: u64type struct winsize {
ws_row: u16;
ws_col: u16;
ws_xpixel: u16;
ws_ypixel: u16;
}winsize.ws_row: u16winsize.ws_col: u16winsize.ws_xpixel: u16winsize.ws_ypixel: u16type struct regmatch_t {
rm_so: i64;
rm_eo: i64;
}Match-range output from regexec; -1 for both fields means "this capture did not participate".
regmatch_t.rm_so: i64regmatch_t.rm_eo: i64const STDIN_FILENO: i32 = 0;const STDOUT_FILENO: i32 = 1;const STDERR_FILENO: i32 = 2;const EPERM: i32 = 1;const ENOENT: i32 = 2;const ESRCH: i32 = 3;const EIO: i32 = 5;const ENXIO: i32 = 6;const E2BIG: i32 = 7;const ENOEXEC: i32 = 8;const EBADF: i32 = 9;const ECHILD: i32 = 10;const EAGAIN: i32 = 11;const EWOULDBLOCK: i32 = 11;const ENOMEM: i32 = 12;const EACCES: i32 = 13;const EFAULT: i32 = 14;const ENOTBLK: i32 = 15;const EBUSY: i32 = 16;const EEXIST: i32 = 17;const EXDEV: i32 = 18;const ENODEV: i32 = 19;const ENOTDIR: i32 = 20;const EISDIR: i32 = 21;const EINVAL: i32 = 22;const ENFILE: i32 = 23;const EMFILE: i32 = 24;const ENOTTY: i32 = 25;const ETXTBSY: i32 = 26;const EFBIG: i32 = 27;const ENOSPC: i32 = 28;const ESPIPE: i32 = 29;const EROFS: i32 = 30;const EMLINK: i32 = 31;const EPIPE: i32 = 32;const EDOM: i32 = 33;const ERANGE: i32 = 34;const EDEADLK: i32 = 35;const ENAMETOOLONG: i32 = 36;const ENOLCK: i32 = 37;const ENOSYS: i32 = 38;const ENOTEMPTY: i32 = 39;const ELOOP: i32 = 40;const ENOMSG: i32 = 42;const EIDRM: i32 = 43;const ECHRNG: i32 = 44;const ENOSTR: i32 = 60;const ENODATA: i32 = 61;const ETIME: i32 = 62;const ENOSR: i32 = 63;const ENOLINK: i32 = 67;const EPROTO: i32 = 71;const EMULTIHOP: i32 = 72;const EBADMSG: i32 = 74;const EOVERFLOW: i32 = 75;const EILSEQ: i32 = 84;const ENOTSOCK: i32 = 88;const EDESTADDRREQ: i32 = 89;const EMSGSIZE: i32 = 90;const EPROTOTYPE: i32 = 91;const ENOPROTOOPT: i32 = 92;const EPROTONOSUPPORT: i32 = 93;const ESOCKTNOSUPPORT: i32 = 94;const EOPNOTSUPP: i32 = 95;const ENOTSUP: i32 = 95;const EPFNOSUPPORT: i32 = 96;const EAFNOSUPPORT: i32 = 97;const EADDRINUSE: i32 = 98;const EADDRNOTAVAIL: i32 = 99;const ENETDOWN: i32 = 100;const ENETUNREACH: i32 = 101;const ENETRESET: i32 = 102;const ECONNABORTED: i32 = 103;const ECONNRESET: i32 = 104;const ENOBUFS: i32 = 105;const EISCONN: i32 = 106;const ENOTCONN: i32 = 107;const ESHUTDOWN: i32 = 108;const ETOOMANYREFS: i32 = 109;const ETIMEDOUT: i32 = 110;const ECONNREFUSED: i32 = 111;const EHOSTDOWN: i32 = 112;const EHOSTUNREACH: i32 = 113;const EALREADY: i32 = 114;const EINPROGRESS: i32 = 115;const ESTALE: i32 = 116;const EDQUOT: i32 = 122;const ECANCELED: i32 = 125;const EOWNERDEAD: i32 = 130;const ENOTRECOVERABLE: i32 = 131;const SIGHUP: i32 = 1;const SIGINT: i32 = 2;const SIGQUIT: i32 = 3;const SIGILL: i32 = 4;const SIGTRAP: i32 = 5;const SIGABRT: i32 = 6;const SIGIOT: i32 = 6;const SIGBUS: i32 = 7;const SIGFPE: i32 = 8;const SIGKILL: i32 = 9;const SIGUSR1: i32 = 10;const SIGSEGV: i32 = 11;const SIGUSR2: i32 = 12;const SIGPIPE: i32 = 13;const SIGALRM: i32 = 14;const SIGTERM: i32 = 15;const SIGSTKFLT: i32 = 16;const SIGCHLD: i32 = 17;const SIGCONT: i32 = 18;const SIGSTOP: i32 = 19;const SIGTSTP: i32 = 20;const SIGTTIN: i32 = 21;const SIGTTOU: i32 = 22;const SIGURG: i32 = 23;const SIGXCPU: i32 = 24;const SIGXFSZ: i32 = 25;const SIGVTALRM: i32 = 26;const SIGPROF: i32 = 27;const SIGWINCH: i32 = 28;const SIGIO: i32 = 29;const SIGPOLL: i32 = 29;const SIGPWR: i32 = 30;const SIGSYS: i32 = 31;const SIG_DFL: u64 = 0;const SIG_IGN: u64 = 1;const SIG_ERR: i64 = -1;const SA_NOCLDSTOP: i32 = 1;const SA_NOCLDWAIT: i32 = 2;const SA_SIGINFO: i32 = 4;const SA_ONSTACK: i32 = 1 << 27;const SA_RESTART: i32 = 1 << 28;const SA_NODEFER: i32 = 1 << 30;const SA_RESETHAND: i32 = 1 << 31;const SIZEOF_SIGSET_T: u64 = 128;const SIZEOF_SIGACTION: u64 = 152;const O_ACCMODE: i32 = 3;const O_CREAT: i32 = 64;const O_EXCL: i32 = 128;const O_NOCTTY: i32 = 256;const O_TRUNC: i32 = 512;const O_APPEND: i32 = 1024;const O_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;const O_NDELAY: i32 = 2048;const O_DSYNC: i32 = 4096;const O_ASYNC: i32 = 8192;const O_DIRECT: i32 = 16384;const O_LARGEFILE: i32 = 32768;const O_DIRECTORY: i32 = 65536;const O_NOFOLLOW: i32 = 131072;const O_NOATIME: i32 = 262144;const O_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const O_SYNC: i32 = 1052672;const O_PATH: i32 = 2097152;const O_TMPFILE: i32 = 4259840;const O_BINARY: i32 = 0;const O_RANDOM: i32 = 16;const O_SEQUENTIAL: i32 = 32;const O_TEMPORARY: i32 = 64;const O_NOINHERIT: i32 = 128;const O_SHORT_LIVED: i32 = 4096;const O_TEXT: i32 = 16384;const F_DUPFD: i32 = 0;const F_GETFD: i32 = 1;const F_SETFD: i32 = 2;const F_GETFL: i32 = 3;const F_SETFL: i32 = 4;const F_GETLK: i32 = 5;const F_SETLK: i32 = 6;const F_SETLKW: i32 = 7;const F_SETOWN: i32 = 8;const F_GETOWN: i32 = 9;const F_SETSIG: i32 = 10;const F_GETSIG: i32 = 11;const F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1030;const FD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1;const AT_FDCWD: i32 = -100;const AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW: i32 = 256;const AT_REMOVEDIR: i32 = 512;const AT_EACCESS: i32 = 512;const AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW: i32 = 1024;const AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT: i32 = 2048;const AT_EMPTY_PATH: i32 = 4096;const SIZEOF_STAT: u64 = 144;const S_IFMT: u32 = 0xF000;const S_IFSOCK: u32 = 0xC000;const S_IFLNK: u32 = 0xA000;const S_IFREG: u32 = 0x8000;const S_IFBLK: u32 = 0x6000;const S_IFDIR: u32 = 0x4000;const S_IFCHR: u32 = 0x2000;const S_IFIFO: u32 = 0x1000;const S_ISUID: u32 = 0x800;const S_ISGID: u32 = 0x400;const S_ISVTX: u32 = 0x200;const S_IRWXU: u32 = 0x1C0;const S_IRUSR: u32 = 0x100;const S_IWUSR: u32 = 0x80;const S_IXUSR: u32 = 0x40;const S_IRWXG: u32 = 0x38;const S_IRGRP: u32 = 0x20;const S_IWGRP: u32 = 0x10;const S_IXGRP: u32 = 0x8;const S_IRWXO: u32 = 0x7;const S_IROTH: u32 = 0x4;const S_IWOTH: u32 = 0x2;const S_IXOTH: u32 = 0x1;const F_OK: i32 = 0;const X_OK: i32 = 1;const W_OK: i32 = 2;const R_OK: i32 = 4;const _SC_PAGESIZE: i32 = 30;const _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF: i32 = 83;const _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN: i32 = 84;const _SC_OPEN_MAX: i32 = 4;const _SC_CHILD_MAX: i32 = 1;const _SC_CLK_TCK: i32 = 2;const _SC_ARG_MAX: i32 = 0;const _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX: i32 = 180;const _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX: i32 = 71;const EOF: i32 = -1;const BUFSIZ: u64 = 8192;const L_tmpnam: u64 = 20;const RAND_MAX: i32 = 2147483647;const EXIT_SUCCESS: i32 = 0;const EXIT_FAILURE: i32 = 1;const TIMER_ABSTIME: i32 = 1;const CLOCKS_PER_SEC: i64 = 1000000;const TFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;const TFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME: i32 = 1;const TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET: i32 = 2;const WNOHANG: i32 = 1;const WUNTRACED: i32 = 2;const WSTOPPED: i32 = 2;const WEXITED: i32 = 4;const WCONTINUED: i32 = 8;const WNOWAIT: i32 = 16777216;const PF_UNSPEC: i32 = 0;const PF_UNIX: i32 = 1;const PF_INET: i32 = 2;const PF_INET6: i32 = 10;const PF_PACKET: i32 = 17;const SOCK_STREAM: i32 = 1;const SOCK_DGRAM: i32 = 2;const SOCK_RAW: i32 = 3;const SOCK_RDM: i32 = 4;const SOCK_SEQPACKET: i32 = 5;const SOCK_DCCP: i32 = 6;const SOCK_PACKET: i32 = 10;const SOCK_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const SOCK_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;const SO_DEBUG: i32 = 1;const SO_REUSEADDR: i32 = 2;const SO_TYPE: i32 = 3;const SO_ERROR: i32 = 4;const SO_DONTROUTE: i32 = 5;const SO_BROADCAST: i32 = 6;const SO_SNDBUF: i32 = 7;const SO_RCVBUF: i32 = 8;const SO_KEEPALIVE: i32 = 9;const SO_OOBINLINE: i32 = 10;const SO_LINGER: i32 = 13;const SO_REUSEPORT: i32 = 15;const SO_RCVLOWAT: i32 = 18;const SO_SNDLOWAT: i32 = 19;const SO_RCVTIMEO: i32 = 20;const SO_SNDTIMEO: i32 = 21;const SO_ACCEPTCONN: i32 = 30;const SO_BINDTODEVICE: i32 = 25;const IP_TTL: i32 = 2;const IP_MULTICAST_IF: i32 = 32;const IP_MULTICAST_TTL: i32 = 33;const IP_MULTICAST_LOOP: i32 = 34;const IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 35;const IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 36;const IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS: i32 = 16;const IPV6_MULTICAST_IF: i32 = 17;const IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS: i32 = 18;const IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP: i32 = 19;const IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 20;const IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP: i32 = 21;const IPV6_V6ONLY: i32 = 26;const TCP_NODELAY: i32 = 1;const TCP_MAXSEG: i32 = 2;const TCP_CORK: i32 = 3;const TCP_KEEPIDLE: i32 = 4;const TCP_KEEPINTVL: i32 = 5;const TCP_KEEPCNT: i32 = 6;const TCP_INFO: i32 = 11;const TCP_USER_TIMEOUT: i32 = 18;const TCP_FASTOPEN: i32 = 23;const MSG_OOB: i32 = 1;const MSG_PEEK: i32 = 2;const MSG_DONTROUTE: i32 = 4;const MSG_CTRUNC: i32 = 8;const MSG_TRUNC: i32 = 32;const MSG_DONTWAIT: i32 = 64;const MSG_EOR: i32 = 128;const MSG_WAITALL: i32 = 256;const MSG_NOSIGNAL: i32 = 16384;const MSG_MORE: i32 = 32768;const MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC: i32 = 1073741824;const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_IN: u64 = 16;const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_IN6: u64 = 28;const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_STORAGE: u64 = 128;const SIZEOF_SOCKADDR_UN: u64 = 110;const INADDR_ANY: u32 = 0;const INADDR_LOOPBACK: u32 = 2130706433;const INADDR_BROADCAST: u32 = 4294967295;const INADDR_NONE: u32 = 4294967295;const INET_ADDRSTRLEN: u64 = 16;const INET6_ADDRSTRLEN: u64 = 46;const SIZEOF_ADDRINFO: u64 = 48;const AI_PASSIVE: i32 = 1;const AI_CANONNAME: i32 = 2;const AI_NUMERICHOST: i32 = 4;const AI_V4MAPPED: i32 = 8;const AI_ALL: i32 = 16;const AI_ADDRCONFIG: i32 = 32;const AI_NUMERICSERV: i32 = 1024;const NI_NUMERICHOST: i32 = 1;const NI_NUMERICSERV: i32 = 2;const NI_NOFQDN: i32 = 4;const NI_NAMEREQD: i32 = 8;const NI_DGRAM: i32 = 16;const NI_MAXHOST: u64 = 1025;const NI_MAXSERV: u64 = 32;const EAI_BADFLAGS: i32 = -1;const EAI_NONAME: i32 = -2;const EAI_AGAIN: i32 = -3;const EAI_FAIL: i32 = -4;const EAI_FAMILY: i32 = -6;const EAI_SOCKTYPE: i32 = -7;const EAI_SERVICE: i32 = -8;const EAI_MEMORY: i32 = -10;const EAI_SYSTEM: i32 = -11;const EAI_OVERFLOW: i32 = -12;const EAI_NODATA: i32 = -5;const EAI_ADDRFAMILY: i32 = -9;const EAI_INPROGRESS: i32 = -100;const EAI_CANCELED: i32 = -101;const FD_SETSIZE: u64 = 1024;const SIZEOF_FD_SET: u64 = 128;const POLLIN: i16 = 1;const POLLPRI: i16 = 2;const POLLOUT: i16 = 4;const POLLERR: i16 = 8;const POLLHUP: i16 = 16;const POLLNVAL: i16 = 32;const POLLRDNORM: i16 = 64;const POLLRDBAND: i16 = 128;const POLLWRNORM: i16 = 256;const POLLWRBAND: i16 = 512;const POLLMSG: i16 = 1024;const POLLREMOVE: i16 = 4096;const POLLRDHUP: i16 = 8192;const MAP_FAILED_VALUE: i64 = -1;const PROT_NONE: i32 = 0;const PROT_READ: i32 = 1;const PROT_WRITE: i32 = 2;const PROT_EXEC: i32 = 4;const PROT_GROWSDOWN: i32 = 0x01000000;const PROT_GROWSUP: i32 = 0x02000000;const MAP_SHARED: i32 = 1;const MAP_PRIVATE: i32 = 2;const MAP_SHARED_VALIDATE: i32 = 3;const MAP_FIXED: i32 = 16;const MAP_ANONYMOUS: i32 = 32;const MAP_ANON: i32 = 32;const MAP_GROWSDOWN: i32 = 256;const MAP_DENYWRITE: i32 = 2048;const MAP_EXECUTABLE: i32 = 4096;const MAP_LOCKED: i32 = 8192;const MAP_NORESERVE: i32 = 16384;const MAP_POPULATE: i32 = 32768;const MAP_NONBLOCK: i32 = 65536;const MAP_STACK: i32 = 131072;const MAP_HUGETLB: i32 = 262144;const MAP_SYNC: i32 = 524288;const MAP_FIXED_NOREPLACE: i32 = 1048576;const MS_ASYNC: i32 = 1;const MS_INVALIDATE: i32 = 2;const MS_SYNC: i32 = 4;const MCL_CURRENT: i32 = 1;const MCL_FUTURE: i32 = 2;const MCL_ONFAULT: i32 = 4;const MFD_CLOEXEC: u32 = 1;const MFD_ALLOW_SEALING: u32 = 2;const MFD_HUGETLB: u32 = 4;const SIZEOF_EPOLL_EVENT: u64 = 12;const EPOLLIN: u32 = 1;const EPOLLPRI: u32 = 2;const EPOLLOUT: u32 = 4;const EPOLLRDNORM: u32 = 64;const EPOLLRDBAND: u32 = 128;const EPOLLWRNORM: u32 = 256;const EPOLLWRBAND: u32 = 512;const EPOLLMSG: u32 = 1024;const EPOLLERR: u32 = 8;const EPOLLHUP: u32 = 16;const EPOLLRDHUP: u32 = 8192;const EPOLLEXCLUSIVE: u32 = 268435456;const EPOLLWAKEUP: u32 = 536870912;const EPOLLONESHOT: u32 = 1073741824;const EPOLLET: u32 = 2147483648;const EPOLL_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const EFD_SEMAPHORE: i32 = 1;const EFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const EFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;const SFD_CLOEXEC: i32 = 524288;const SFD_NONBLOCK: i32 = 2048;const SIZEOF_SIGNALFD_SIGINFO: u64 = 128;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_T: u64 = 8;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_ATTR_T: u64 = 56;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_MUTEX_T: u64 = 40;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_MUTEXATTR_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_COND_T: u64 = 48;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_CONDATTR_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_T: u64 = 56;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_RWLOCKATTR_T: u64 = 8;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_BARRIER_T: u64 = 32;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_BARRIERATTR_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_KEY_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_ONCE_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_PTHREAD_SPINLOCK_T: u64 = 4;const SIZEOF_TERMIOS: u64 = 60;const NCCS: u64 = 32;const VINTR: u64 = 0;const VQUIT: u64 = 1;const VERASE: u64 = 2;const VKILL: u64 = 3;const VEOF: u64 = 4;const VTIME: u64 = 5;const VMIN: u64 = 6;const VSWTC: u64 = 7;const VSTART: u64 = 8;const VSTOP: u64 = 9;const VSUSP: u64 = 10;const VEOL: u64 = 11;const VREPRINT: u64 = 12;const VDISCARD: u64 = 13;const VWERASE: u64 = 14;const VLNEXT: u64 = 15;const VEOL2: u64 = 16;const IGNBRK: u32 = 1;const BRKINT: u32 = 2;const IGNPAR: u32 = 4;const PARMRK: u32 = 8;const INPCK: u32 = 16;const ISTRIP: u32 = 32;const INLCR: u32 = 64;const IGNCR: u32 = 128;const ICRNL: u32 = 256;const IUCLC: u32 = 512;const IXON: u32 = 1024;const IXANY: u32 = 2048;const IXOFF: u32 = 4096;const IMAXBEL: u32 = 8192;const IUTF8: u32 = 16384;const OPOST: u32 = 1;const ONLCR: u32 = 4;const OCRNL: u32 = 8;const ONOCR: u32 = 16;const ONLRET: u32 = 32;const ISIG: u32 = 1;const ICANON: u32 = 2;const ECHO: u32 = 8;const ECHOE: u32 = 16;const ECHOK: u32 = 32;const ECHONL: u32 = 64;const NOFLSH: u32 = 128;const TOSTOP: u32 = 256;const IEXTEN: u32 = 32768;const CSIZE: u32 = 48;const CS5: u32 = 0;const CS6: u32 = 16;const CS7: u32 = 32;const CS8: u32 = 48;const CSTOPB: u32 = 64;const CREAD: u32 = 128;const PARENB: u32 = 256;const PARODD: u32 = 512;const HUPCL: u32 = 1024;const CLOCAL: u32 = 2048;const B0: u32 = 0;const B50: u32 = 1;const B75: u32 = 2;const B110: u32 = 3;const B134: u32 = 4;const B150: u32 = 5;const B200: u32 = 6;const B300: u32 = 7;const B600: u32 = 8;const B1200: u32 = 9;const B1800: u32 = 10;const B2400: u32 = 11;const B4800: u32 = 12;const B9600: u32 = 13;const B19200: u32 = 14;const B38400: u32 = 15;const B57600: u32 = 4097;const B115200: u32 = 4098;const B230400: u32 = 4099;const B460800: u32 = 4100;const B500000: u32 = 4101;const B576000: u32 = 4102;const B921600: u32 = 4103;const B1000000: u32 = 4104;const TIOCGWINSZ: u64 = 21523;const TIOCSWINSZ: u64 = 21524;const TIOCSCTTY: u64 = 21518;const TIOCNOTTY: u64 = 21538;const TIOCGPGRP: u64 = 21519;const TIOCSPGRP: u64 = 21520;const FIONBIO: u64 = 21537;const FIONREAD: u64 = 21531;const FIOCLEX: u64 = 21585;const FIONCLEX: u64 = 21584;const SIZEOF_PASSWD: u64 = 48;const SIZEOF_GROUP: u64 = 32;const SIZEOF_REGEX_T: u64 = 64;const SIZEOF_REGMATCH_T: u64 = 16;const REG_EXTENDED: i32 = 1;const REG_ICASE: i32 = 2;const REG_NOSUB: i32 = 4;const REG_NEWLINE: i32 = 8;const REG_NOTBOL: i32 = 1;const REG_NOTEOL: i32 = 2;const REG_NOMATCH: i32 = 1;const REG_BADPAT: i32 = 2;const REG_ECOLLATE: i32 = 3;const REG_ECTYPE: i32 = 4;const REG_EESCAPE: i32 = 5;const REG_ESUBREG: i32 = 6;const REG_EBRACK: i32 = 7;const REG_EPAREN: i32 = 8;const REG_EBRACE: i32 = 9;const REG_BADBR: i32 = 10;const REG_ERANGE: i32 = 11;const REG_ESPACE: i32 = 12;const REG_BADRPT: i32 = 13;const RTLD_LAZY: i32 = 1;const RTLD_NOW: i32 = 2;const RTLD_BINDING_MASK: i32 = 3;const RTLD_NOLOAD: i32 = 4;const RTLD_DEEPBIND: i32 = 8;const RTLD_GLOBAL: i32 = 256;const RTLD_LOCAL: i32 = 0;const RTLD_NODELETE: i32 = 4096;const RLIM_INFINITY: u64 = 18446744073709551615;import a::b;
import a::b::{ X, Y };
import a::b as c;
import a::b::*;Brings a module, or selected items from it, into scope. One path per declaration: use the brace form for several items, as to alias, and * for everything public (prefer the brace form; wildcards invite name collisions).
function name(count: i32, args...)A variadic parameter: the trailing bucket receives any number of further arguments with C's calling convention, so the function stays ABI-compatible with the printf family. Wrap the bucket in VaArgs to read typed values from it.
type struct Slice<T> {
ptr: T*;
length: u64;
}Slice<T>: a borrowed view into a contiguous sequence.
std::core::sliceconst EINTR: i32 = 4;function errno() -> i32Current thread's errno. Thin convenience over the platform's thread-local indirection; every IoError::from_errno(...) in the stdlib funnels through here.
type enum Name : i32type enum ClockId : i32 {
CLOCK_REALTIME = 0;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 1;
CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID = 2;
CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID = 3;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW = 4;
CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE = 5;
CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE = 6;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME = 7;
CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM = 8;
CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM = 9;
// … 1 more
}clockid_t values for clock_gettime and friends.
ClockId::CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 1type enum Whence : i32 {
SEEK_SET = 0;
SEEK_CUR = 1;
SEEK_END = 2;
SEEK_DATA = 3;
SEEK_HOLE = 4;
}Anchor for lseek's offset. Mutually exclusive: these are not bit flags.
type enum ItimerWhich : i32 {
ITIMER_REAL = 0;
ITIMER_VIRTUAL = 1;
ITIMER_PROF = 2;
}which selector for getitimer / setitimer.
type enum AddressFamily : i32 {
AF_UNSPEC = 0;
AF_UNIX = 1;
AF_INET = 2;
AF_AX25 = 3;
AF_IPX = 4;
AF_APPLETALK = 5;
AF_NETROM = 6;
AF_BRIDGE = 7;
AF_ATMPVC = 8;
AF_X25 = 9;
// … 4 more
}socket(domain, ...) address family.
type enum Protocol : i32 {
IPPROTO_IP = 0;
IPPROTO_ICMP = 1;
IPPROTO_IGMP = 2;
IPPROTO_TCP = 6;
IPPROTO_UDP = 17;
IPPROTO_IPV6 = 41;
IPPROTO_GRE = 47;
IPPROTO_ESP = 50;
IPPROTO_AH = 51;
IPPROTO_ICMPV6 = 58;
// … 1 more
}IP protocol selector for socket(..., protocol).
type enum SocketLevel : i32 {
SOL_IP = 0;
SOL_SOCKET = 1;
SOL_TCP = 6;
SOL_UDP = 17;
SOL_IPV6 = 41;
SOL_ICMPV6 = 58;
}setsockopt / getsockopt level.
type enum ShutdownHow : i32 {
SHUT_RD = 0;
SHUT_WR = 1;
SHUT_RDWR = 2;
}Direction(s) shutdown tears down on a socket. Mutually exclusive.
type enum EpollOp : i32 {
EPOLL_CTL_ADD = 1;
EPOLL_CTL_DEL = 2;
EPOLL_CTL_MOD = 3;
}op argument to epoll_ctl. Mutually exclusive.
type enum DirentType : u8 {
DT_UNKNOWN = 0;
DT_FIFO = 1;
DT_CHR = 2;
DT_DIR = 4;
DT_BLK = 6;
DT_REG = 8;
DT_LNK = 10;
DT_SOCK = 12;
DT_WHT = 14;
}d_type field of struct dirent.
type enum MutexType : i32 {
PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL = 0;
PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE = 1;
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK = 2;
}Mutex behavior set via pthread_mutexattr_settype.
type enum DetachState : i32 {
PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE = 0;
PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = 1;
}Detach state set via pthread_attr_setdetachstate.
type enum CancelState : i32 {
PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE = 0;
PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE = 1;
}Cancel-enable flag for pthread_setcancelstate.
type enum CancelType : i32 {
PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED = 0;
PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS = 1;
}Cancel delivery mode for pthread_setcanceltype.
type enum LockType : i16 {
F_RDLCK = 0;
F_WRLCK = 1;
F_UNLCK = 2;
}struct flock.l_type lock type.
type enum FadviseAdvice : i32 {
POSIX_FADV_NORMAL = 0;
POSIX_FADV_RANDOM = 1;
POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL = 2;
POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED = 3;
POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED = 4;
POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE = 5;
}posix_fadvise access pattern. Mutually exclusive.
type enum MadviseAdvice : i32 {
MADV_NORMAL = 0;
MADV_RANDOM = 1;
MADV_SEQUENTIAL = 2;
MADV_WILLNEED = 3;
MADV_DONTNEED = 4;
MADV_FREE = 8;
MADV_REMOVE = 9;
MADV_DONTFORK = 10;
MADV_DOFORK = 11;
MADV_MERGEABLE = 12;
// … 6 more
}madvise / posix_madvise access pattern. Mutually exclusive.
type enum BufferingMode : i32 {
_IOFBF = 0;
_IOLBF = 1;
_IONBF = 2;
}setvbuf buffering strategy. Mutually exclusive.
type enum LocaleCategory : i32 {
LC_CTYPE = 0;
LC_NUMERIC = 1;
LC_TIME = 2;
LC_COLLATE = 3;
LC_MONETARY = 4;
LC_MESSAGES = 5;
LC_ALL = 6;
LC_PAPER = 7;
LC_NAME = 8;
LC_ADDRESS = 9;
// … 3 more
}setlocale category. Mutually exclusive.
type enum Resource : i32 {
RLIMIT_CPU = 0;
RLIMIT_FSIZE = 1;
RLIMIT_DATA = 2;
RLIMIT_STACK = 3;
RLIMIT_CORE = 4;
RLIMIT_RSS = 5;
RLIMIT_NPROC = 6;
RLIMIT_NOFILE = 7;
RLIMIT_MEMLOCK = 8;
RLIMIT_AS = 9;
// … 6 more
}resource argument to getrlimit / setrlimit / prlimit.
type enum RusageWho : i32 {
RUSAGE_CHILDREN = -1;
RUSAGE_SELF = 0;
RUSAGE_THREAD = 1;
}who argument to getrusage.
type enum PriorityWhich : i32 {
PRIO_PROCESS = 0;
PRIO_PGRP = 1;
PRIO_USER = 2;
}which argument to getpriority / setpriority.
type enum TcAction : i32 {
TCSANOW = 0;
TCSADRAIN = 1;
TCSAFLUSH = 2;
}tcsetattr apply timing. Mutually exclusive.
type enum TcQueue : i32 {
TCIFLUSH = 0;
TCOFLUSH = 1;
TCIOFLUSH = 2;
}tcflush queue selector. Mutually exclusive.
type enum TcFlow : i32 {
TCOOFF = 0;
TCOON = 1;
TCIOFF = 2;
TCION = 3;
}tcflow action. Mutually exclusive.
const name: Type = value;An immutable binding: it cannot be reassigned after initialisation. The annotation may be omitted when an initialiser is present - the binding takes the initialiser's concrete type, inferred locally. Mutability is opt-in through mut.
extern "C" function stat(path: u8*, buf: u8*) -> i32